Journal Entry

One of the best things about the South Pole is that everyone is willing to help out anywhere. From volunteering to wash dishes to stocking shelves in the store, people are more than willing to step in to help when needed.

U.S. Antarctic Program Surveyor, Ray Eshelman had hurt his back during a long day at work and his partner, Christian San Martin, had no one to go out and survey with. So I stepped in to help.

Christian and I hopped into the PistenBully, a small vehicle with tractor-like wheels, and loaded up the back with survey tools. Christian maneuvered the PistenBully out of the busy work space behind the station and we headed across the tarmac to the dark sector. Christian let the PistenBully open up to full speed at a whopping 30 mph. It was still a pretty bumpy ride over the groomed ice to reach the survey spot.

PistenBullyThe PistenBully vehicle that transports people across the ice.

The first place we stopped was located about 2 kilometers from the station and it is the site that has been calculated to be the location of the geographic South Pole in 1911, the year that Roald Amundsen first made it to the bottom of the world. It is calculated that the ice shifts the marker for the geographic South Pole about 32.9 feet per year.

PistenBully panoSurvey spot where the geographic South Pole would have been located in 1911, the same year that Amundsen first made it to the South Pole.

"Hand me the legs," Christian called out as we jumped out of the PistenBully. In survey terms, "the legs" make up the tripod that holds up the GPS unit placed directly over the survey marker. This GPS unit is remotely connected to a rover which communicates with about 27 different satellites to precisely measure the location of the marker.

RoverThe rover that connects to the GPS unit.

After finishing the set up at this survey site, we continued further into the dark sector to reach the IceCube Laboratory. This building used to be known as the "L dorm" and housed many researchers during a summer when the station was full. This now serves as the science laboratory for the IceCube Neutrino Observatory.

ICLIceCube Laboratory.

Now Christian and I had to flag out the location of the lines for the new scintillators that will be deployed for IceCube. In a very similar fashion to our previous survey technique, Christian used a pole with the rover mounted on top and placed it in the ice in various locations and the GPS locator would notify him which direction to move the pole until it was exactly on the location marked on the map.

Blue holeThe hole where a marker will be placed for the survey.

I then took a bamboo stick flag and placed it in the hole to mark the final location. We continued to do this every 100 feet to stake out a clear line for the trenchers to dig. It's amazing to look back and see how straight the line of flags turned out to be!

This was also the farthest I had travelled from the station. I got to see some beautiful scenery and it was quite refreshing to have the opportunity to take a ride out past "civilization". It felt a lot like we were driving on another planet.

Snow panoNothing beyond the dark sector. Snow sculptureThe wind elegantly moves snow across the ice sheet and creates beautiful snow sculptures that look like waves. Footprints in the snowMaking footprints out here feels like you're on a different planet. Dark Sector MapMap surrounding the South Pole station.

Comments

Aiden P.

Miss Anderson,My name is Aiden. I get to be the one to write to you today! Our coordinates here in Pittsburgh are 40.4417 North and 79.9800 West. We looked up the coordinates for the South Pole Station. They are exactly 90 E and 90 South. How accurate and sensitive is your GPS to find just the right spot to mark? How deep are your holes? Are they two miles like IceCube holes? My class all agree that "the dark sector" sounds scary. Thank you for doing this for us. We like your reports. Aiden

Lesley Anderson

Hi Aiden, thanks for writing! The GPS coordinates that we use are extremely accurate. With 27 different triangulating satellites it is possible to tell within a few centimeters the exact location of each marker. The holes we are drilling this year will not be as deep as the IceCube holes. The holes for ARA are about 200 meters and we are on a schedule to drill about 1 hole every 24 hours. Thanks for following along. The dark sector sounds pretty ominous, but it's really just as open and light as the rest of the area surrounding the South Pole!

Michael Penn

Why is it called the "Dark Sector"?

Peter H.

Miss Anderson, My name is Peter, we haven't been able to find the dark Sector on a map. Our group has some new questions. Why is it called the "Dark Sector" and what is out there? The "carrot" drill doesn't look very big. What is the diameter size of the holes? Are you also putting the sensors in the holes now, or will that be done later? Do you pump the melted ice out first or do the sensors go underwater? It would eventually freeze right? If so, will that I've bee as perfect and clear as they rest of the ice? Thank you! Peter H.

Lesley Anderson

Historically speaking, this is the telescope sector so no artificial light was supposed to be shined in that area. Today there are also no radio emissions allowed in this area to preserve projects like the Askaryan Radio Array.

Lesley Anderson

Hi Peter, thanks for the questions! I have added a map to this journal that includes the location of the dark sector. This is the area outside of the station that includes all of the telescopes, including our neutrino telescope. The holes we are drilling are about 6-8 inches in diameter, much smaller than the IceCube holes because the antennas ARA uses are much smaller. We will begin deploying the sensors after the first clean hole has been drilled. There are two hoses on the drill, one that pumps hot water in to melt the ice and a second hose used to pump the water back out of the hole so it will be dry when the sensors are deployed.

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