Journal Entry
Turning to lookThis guy turned to look at us and I couldn't resist the shot! Emperor penguins are magnificent! Close-up AdélieI think he might be headed to a party… he's got a tux on!

Finally, it happened. I saw penguins today and not just one, but a sum total of 12 and in both varieties that inhabit this area. It was fantastic. Shout out to Elaine Hood, who, on her only day off, took us out in frigid temps on the snowmobiles this morning and spent four hours with us on the ice!

Group of three AdéliesA group of three Adélie penguins – the first penguins we encountered in Antarctica. A sight that will remain with me forever! Two AdéliesTwo little penguins go by. AdélieOne Adélie penguin waddles by. Scooting on bellyThis little guy decided to scoot on his belly!

The two species that are found in the McMurdo area are the Emperor and Adélie penguins. Our first sighting was on our journey leaving McMurdo "town". We encountered three Adélie penguins and they were tremendously cute. I thought for sure that would be it for the day, but much to my surprise, on our journey home there were nine Emperor penguins hanging out fairly close to the snowmobile road. We stopped and started taking pics. They were curious and would come so close to us. I could almost reach out and touch them, not that I would have, but that is how close they came. They were truly magnificent to watch. I hope you enjoy the video below. Despite not having finished our work yet and not having gone up in the Rosetta Icepod flights to date, if I had to go home tomorrow, I would leave a very satisfied and happy science teacher.

EmperorsThe Emperors are looking dapper! Lined upThey lined up like this all on their own! They might be better behaved than students! Close-up head shotClose-up shot of the beautiful colors on this penguin. Feather textureThe feather texture is so interesting. Love this shot. You can make out some feathers caught on his/her beak! Head down poseLove it when they put their heads down. One is a little snowyPenguin in the back seems a bit snowy. I think he got a lot of wind today! Getting closeThese guys walked so close to us! Regal PenguinsThey truly are emperors of the ice! So majestic in their black and white suits and tall stature. Another close-upAnother close-up head shot. Hard to see their eyes.

There are several groups doing penguin research at McMurdo. One group has been coming annually for many years and has their very own "teacher" with them permanently for their outreach. Jean Pennycook first came to Antarctica as a teacher (before PolarTREC was PolarTREC) with a team of scientists researching Mt. Erebus. Jean so enjoyed her experience she managed to find a team of penguin researchers in need of outreach and volunteered her services. She has been coming every year since and leads their outreach at www.penguinscience.com. She also does real time, live Skype sessions with classrooms by request. Originally from California, her school, where she taught science, allowed her to travel here each year for a few years, but eventually, her absence from the classroom led her to retire early and continue her outreach with the penguin group. She currently is based out of Cape Royds, a makeshift "deep" camp that one can only get to by helicopter. She lives in a tent while at the site and is there for 2-3 weeks at a time. It is here that a colony of Adélie penguins make their home. You can check out the web cam from the site and also take part in citizen science through this site as well. Jean has been an inspiration and I feel very lucky to have met her.

Jean & IJean Pennycook and I pose for a picture before she heads out for her field camp at Cape Royds. The photo was taken by Hongjie Xie.

So much research on penguins is taking place here. I went around the Crary Lab and took photos of the posters hanging up that are based on this research. Some of these projects are ongoing and several new ones exist too!

Penguin Ranch PosterPenguin Ranch Research poster hanging in Crary. Another posterAnother poster on penguin research. The hall is full of them! Adélie posterThis poster is on the Adélie penguin research. NSF PosterThis poster was put out by NSF to be used in educational facilities. Ross Emperor posterOne last poster on Emperors. So much research devoted to these guys. I love it! ComicComic found in Crary on the bulletin board, hand drawn by an artist who came to visit no doubt!

Today's flat Lorax was also very excited to finally see the penguins and dressed up accordingly! This card is for Hunter, a sophomore at Grafton High School!

Flat Lorax Post CardsFlat Lorax postcards for Hunter at Grafton High School, a soon to be APES student!

Comments

Thomas Nguyen

Hi Mrs. Bault!
The pictures with the penguins look really cool! Especially the first picture of the Emperor Penguin with all the feathers sticking out...

Looking at one of the posters on Adelie penguins, how can you use stable isotope analysis of the eggshell to determine the diet of an Adelie penguin? And (as a general question) how do you determine whether the Emperor and/or Adelie penguin is male or female?

Have fun! We hope to see you soon in AP Bio! :)

Thomas

Jennifer Bault

Hi Thomas!
So nice to hear from you. In checking in on the Adelie penguin
questions, it appears as though you can run a stable isotope analysis on
both eggshells and also within the lipid layers of the prey (krill and
fish) and make comparisons between the two. There is a great deal of
math at play and considerable chemistry going into the experimental
design on this. I got the feeling that the results were not terribly
definitive. Poster says the correlation between one isotope in krill
was very loose in comparing to the eggshell of the same isotope.
Scientists have apparently confirmed that eggshell makeup does change
with diet and this can alter the stable isotope makeup as well.

Sexing penguins is not easy. They, like many other birds (condors and
cranes for example) tend to be monomorphic. Researchers either spend
time observing the colony in particular the nest of a pair of birds.
Sometimes the size or beak depth varies ever so slighlty, but generally
whoever is laying the eggs is the easiest to determine! Males usually
incubate the eggs first and the birds recognize each other's calls. The
birds also mate for life!

Thanks for the great questions. I love them!

See you in a few weeks,

Mrs. Bault

On 11/12/17 8:58 AM, PolarTREC wrote:

John Reiels

Hi Jennifer,I was very excited for you when I read this journal. I know at the PolarConnect event you were looking forward to seeing some penguins and hoping to get some close encounters with them. Your pictures and videos are great.
The colors are incredible when they turn their heads or put their heads down.
How far from open water do they roam? I'm assuming they need to be somewhat close to water as that's their access to food. I'm curious because the pictures look like they are far from water and I'm wondering what would lead them away from the water (aside from fascinating visitors on the snowmobile trail).
Did others in your group say that the penguin line is a common behavior or was this out of the ordinary? It seems so funny that they would align like that. All other pictures I've ever seen of penguins show them randomly scattered about. I'm wondering if one of your new artist friends is tutoring you on photoshop during the whiteouts;)

Jennifer Bault

It was an incredible day when we saw the first set of three penguins but I was over the moon when the large group of Emperor's appeared on the
horizon. I couldn't possibly come to Antarctica and not see penguins!

The penguins will roam surprisingly far, however, there are cracks in
the ice in many places that my camera just isn't able to capture well.
There was one Adelie that was spotted out at the runway on the ice shelf
which is miles from the water's edge at this point. They move fast. I
actually didn't realize this until I saw one of my friends's videos.
When they start scooting on their bellies it's as if they have motors
and wheels that are propelling them at turbo speed. There was a little
guy hanging out but the dive hut one evening and within a half hour he
was completely out of sight.

Penguins have some odd behaviors. They do tend to follow a leader and
others have seen this behavior. The penguin lady is not here for me to
verify this, but word on the street is that they often form lines and
really neat clusters that are near perfect in position for camera
taking. It is odd, that is all I can say!

I have no photoshop skills at all! I took 400 pics the day I saw the
penguins, not all of the penguins, but probably half anyway. I figure
if I take 200, there have to be a few that turn out simply due to blind
luck!

See you in a couple of weeks!

Jennifer

On 11/15/17 7:54 PM, PolarTREC wrote:

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