Hi Mike! I love all your journals. I've been learning a lot from you! I haven't done much with archaeology in my life except visit ruins in AZ and Colorado. I am amazed how your team has found all of these sites and do a great job of explaining what we are looking at. If I was out hiking and saw that stuff, I wouldn't even consider the options of what it could have been. I'll definitely look at things differently now when I'm out walking around. How did the scientists know where to look in Finland?

 I really like your phosphorous test and want to incorporate it into some of my curriculum. We look at phosphates as a pollutant in the environment that can cause algal blooms. How could you create soil samples with phosphorous in them for a class simulation? Do you have something simple (like fertilizer or laundry soap) that you could add to the samples to give some positive readings?

I also liked your bicycling journal. As a bicycle commuter myself who is constantly battling cars without bike routes, I really wish we had more of it around my area. Keep up the great work! Betsy Wilkening

Michael Wing

Hi Betsy!Mainly we look for shallow depressions in the ground.  These often turn out to be ancient settlements, because people 5000 years ago made a distinctive type of house  foundation.  We do phosphorus testing in and around those depressions, and then trending away from them on a transect (straight line) or a grid.  We also do "shovel tests" which means just scooping some soil out and screening it for quartz flakes or fire-cracked rocks.
Sure, if you add a few grains of dry fertilizer or a drop of phosphate-containing soap the result will be extremely blue.  Read the ingredients label, though, because these days a lot of soaps and detergents are made without phosphates - and that's good!
yours, Mike Wing