Journal Entry

Calm Seas and Polar Profiles

Much of my past research experience has been in the Bering Sea, mostly summer and fall, with fine weather. The Southern Ocean is very different and as it is spring we have had some amazing seas and weather. I can't explain it, being at sea, the waves, the wind, EVERYTHING makes me feel alive. I stood on the bridge for hours waiting for the perfect bow spray, even sitting on the helo deck and watching the waves come over the aft section of the vessel just puts a smile on my face.

The mountains of South GeorgiaThe mountains of South Georgia. Imagine your day starting with such magnificent views.

Today another attempt was made at South Georgia, the team suited up, the seas were calm and not 15 minutes after departure did the wind kick up. Besides the seas, the GPS team is having a hard time finding a landing point to go ashore. Their desire is to place the GPS tower at a location that has nothing blocking the view at least 10 degrees in circumference from the horizon. They really want nothing to obscure the signal, and preferably not too close to water, because with water there is a strong reflection.

The GPS TeamFrom left to right: Nico, Bob, Ian our chief scientist, and Graham. We call them the GPS team!

Tomorrow is another day, another attempt at South Georgia, and more stunningly beautiful views.

Today I would like to introduce everyone to our chief scientists, geologist, and one of the principal investigators for this research cruise, Ian Dalziel.

Chief Scientist Ian DalzielWith a busy schedule, chief scientist Ian always finds time to teach as he answers one of my students questions.

Ian was raised in Scotland, still has his brogue, and received his B.S. in geology and Ph.d in the structural study of a deformed granite body that is 830 million years old in the Scottish Highlands.

Having always been interested in travel, the open air, and geology, he has had an amazing career covering the world from 4 billion years to now, and beyond. The sea is the foundation of geology, and Ian believes that going to sea allows scientists to learn more about the fundamentals of the science.

Imagine growing up with tales of Shackleton and Scott, thinking about the adventures and stories these adventurers could tell, no wonder Ian became a scientific explorer. Early on in Ian's career he became intrigued about rocks from Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego How could rocks from South America be the same as those from continents away?
With an interest stirring, Ian started to look at South Georgia, an island in the Southern Ocean, not volcanic in nature, identical to those rocks from South America, yet 2000 miles from their source. Something was amiss.

In true scientific fashion, by asking questions and collecting data, scientists are satisfied that South Georgia is here due to plate tectonics. This discovery led to even more questions. How did the plates move to allow this one piece of land to be thousands of miles away from where it started, and also three times as high?

Ian has inspired me to realize that questioning never ends and learning is a continual process. People should always be looking for the fundamental understanding of things and to further that understanding.
There is a time/space jigsaw puzzle out there and figuring out where the pieces were placed historically holds answers in the present

Flags have invaded the PalmerWhat fun it is to document so many amazing flags from all over the world on our expedition. Small boat retrievalThe zodiac is back from South Georgia, trying to get back on board as the seas rise. A growler, a car sized ice chunkI look at the ice like clouds in the sky. What do you see in this growler? To small to be a Bergie Bit, and too big to be a brash.

Comments

Jillian Worssam

Hello Sarah,
The GPS monitors, if left long enough (i.e. a few years - 5 usually or
more), the movement of the crust beneath the rock it is installed on. If
you have a network of GPS, you can see the rotations and translations of
the crust, but also how it moves vertically. In Greenland and
Antarctica, the vertical movement is often upward. It is the crust which
springs back up because of the melting of ice (current but also from the
last glaciation). It is called isostatic rebound. It can be pretty big
(1 inch a year in some part of the Antarctic Peninsula). It is a
component of the sea level rise. I am not sure how much it contributes
to the total sea level rise rate. But it is significant.

Nikko, GPS Engineer - UNAVCO

On 2014-10-03 07:59, webmaster@polartrec.com wrote:

mayan

Does anyone live on South Georgia Island?

Blanca Trombatore

Could these tectonic plates be united with the plates under Guatemala, Central America?

Blake Thomas M…

Hello, I am a student of Mrs. Barlow from 5th period at Wakefield Middle School. I have a question and I hope that you can answer but in Antarctica, have you seen the southern lights and how rough was the weather and how hard did it affect your ship? Also how many flags have you received from all over the world? Thank you for posting these journals on the Internet so I could read them.

Jillian Worssam

Hello Blake, Great to hear from you. Mrs. Barlow is an amazing teacher. Ok, let's see how I do. Yes in Antarctica you can see the
southern lights, and I have seen some amazing pictures. Right now we
are close to South Georgia Island, north of Antarctica and I have not
seen any southern lights. The weather was not too bad, about an 8 on
the Beaufort scale. I challenge you to tell me about the Beaufort
Scale. The poor weather did slow down operations and made it difficult
for us to get the zodiacs into South Georgia for our GPS operations. I
have flags from 46 states and three different countries (Russia,
Australia, and England) Thank you so much reading and following along,
keep the great questions coming. Jillian

On 2014-10-01 09:15, webmaster@polartrec.com wrote:

Jillian Worssam

Hi Blanca, Thanks for asking such great questions. No they are not the same plates. The plates under Central America are the Nazca and
Caribbean plates as they collide. The plates we are studying are the
South American Plate and Scotia Plate. Thanks for reading.

Thanks,
Joel Lunsford
Graduate Research Assistant
&
Jillian...PolarTREC Teacher

On 2014-10-01 08:30, webmaster@polartrec.com wrote:

Blake Thomas M…

Thank you very much for the answers.

Jillian Worssam

Hi -
Sort of. Nobody lives on South Georgia permanently. But there are three
Government Officers who work at King Edward Point. The Government
Officers work for eight months straight on the island, and then have
four months off. During their off time they go to their homes, usually
in the United Kingdom. In addition to the Government Officers, the
British Antarctic Survey (the equivalent of the US Antarctic Program)
run two science bases on South Georgia. One is called Bird Island and
has just four people live in it all winter and the other is at King
Edward Point and has about 12 people each winter. Over the summer months
both bases have more people in them to do science projects of all sorts.
Scientists also camp all over the island to do science projects in the
summer time. It can snow and storm any time of the year on South Georgia
so camping can be very chilly!

Cheers, Graham.

On 2014-10-01 07:01, webmaster@polartrec.com wrote:

Susan Steiner

the ice bergie thing...I think it looks like an otter swimming on its back. I like the idea of looking at them like clouds.

Amanda Bowes

I heard y'all are blessed with an amazing chef on your cruise as well! ;-) Enjoy!!! Love the blog!

Sarah Norris

Hi Ms. Worssam! Hope you're having a great time! I was wondering what exactly does the GPS tower monitor and why are you putting it out there? Are you trying to find something new or explain something unexplained? How does the tower survey the environment around you? How do you convert the information the tower gives you to information you can understand? Thanks and I hope you have a great time exploring your unknown!