5 March 2020 The Kasten Core

The Kasten Core

The Kasten core is a 3-meter long square-barreled coring device that is lowered into the water with ten 45-pound weights stacked on its head - these weights will push the barrel down into the soft sediments once it reaches the seafloor.

The Kasten core is made of heavy stainless steel. After this one is thoroughly cleaned, sections of lid will be attached with screws down its entire length.

We all try to make predictions about the success of the operation when we see the core come out of the water - a brown coating of mud on the outside is a good sign.

The marine techs monitor a full Kasten core that has just been brought back up from the seafloor.

The marine techs remove the heavy weights from the head of the core barrel and open one panel of the lid to take a peek at what is inside. The team lifts the full core onto a cart so it can be wheeled (rather than carried) across the deck.

Dr. Ali Graham positions the hand truck to remove the head from the Kasten core as marine techs Rich Thompson and Chuck Holloway look on.

Teamwork makes the dream work (again) - the core has to be carried the last 30 feet to the lab benches.

Researchers (from left to right) Becky Hopkins, CD Hillenbrand, Kelly Hogan, Jim Marschalek, and Alie Lepp work together to carry a Kasten core into the lab.

The outside of the barrel is cleaned off and all the lid sections are removed to reveal our acquisition - up to 3 meters of layered sediments from the bottom of the Southern Ocean, containing vast amounts of information about the history of water and ice.

Researchers (from left to right) Rachel Clark, Elaine Mawbey, Rob Larter, and Ali Graham remove screws and bolts to open a fresh Kasten core.

The top surface of the core is smoothed off with a giant piece of plastic creatively called the Super Scraper (the night shift team is great at a lot of things but pretty bad at nicknames - we also have a small plastic shovel they call Mr. Scoopy and a really big sponge named the Big Sponge) and then photos are taken of its entire length.

PolarTREC educator Sarah Slack takes pictures of the sediments down the length of the Kasten core.

After that, analysis of the data hidden in the sediment can begin. Core experts CD Hillenbrand and Rachel Clark write a description of the sediments, looking for places where there are “significant” changes in color, texture, and composition of the sediment.

Core observers document changes in color, texture, and composition in the sediment before sampling begins. One of 13 color charts in the Munsell guide, a paint sample-like array of colors choices which can be used to describe a sediment sample.

A small amount of vacuum pressure is used to suck water out of the sediments at 50 cm intervals.

Grad students Alie Lepp and Santi Munevar sample the Kasten core sediments for pore water.

Mass dissection begins soon after that - using plastic spoons, 10 mL syringes with the bottoms cut off, metal spatulas, 3D printed scoops, and other tools, we attack the core in a highly-regimented manner to ensure that everyone who needs it gets their piece of the mud.

Santi Munevar and Ali Graham collect samples from a Kasten core, which will be shipped to research institutions and analyzed after the expedition is over.

Samples are bagged up based on their intended analysis method and stored in the fridge nicknamed “Little Antarctica” (as opposed to the big Antarctica that is all around us outside, which is a good nickname but it didn’t originate from the night shift team).

Sediment samples are bagged and stored in "Little Antarctica," a large walk-in cooler on the R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer icebreaker.

Remaining sediments are stored in archive trays, which will get shipped up to the University of Oregon at the end of this expedition and be stored there in perpetuity in case anyone ever wants to revisit NBP 20-02 KC 54 to see for themselves exactly what secrets the sediment contained.